Explanations

I.

  1. c. The purpose of this text type is to give the steps needed to carry out an undertaking. Procedures can give instructions on how to play a game or make a cake, and also give directions how to get to a particular place.

II.

  1. c. The heading or title of the text indicates the purpose or goal of the activity.
  2. b. The materials or equipment necessary to carry out a task are usually given at the beginning of the text.
  3. d. The steps necessary for the undertaking are given in chronological order. This sequence is very important in relation to instructions for the safe operating of machinery, for example.

III.

  1. a. Procedures are a series of actions which need to be carried out, and therefore action verbs are used. The command form is for clarity and brevity. In other circumstances a more polite form may be necessary, in which case modal would be used to soften the tone.
    eg You can take a pair of binoculars with you.
    You may need to follow the Conservation Guidelines.
  2. d. These adverbials modify the verbs, giving more information and details about how and when the actions should be carried out.
  3. d. These particular nouns refer to specific people, places, things, animals and ideas
  4. a. Numbers and/or time connectives are the most usual way of indicating the order in which the actions are to be carried out. Letters or dot points could also be used.